A mitral valve replacement surgery is used to substitute a malfunctioning heart valve with an artificial prosthetic implant. This is a major type of surgery and is most useful in treating severe medical disorders of the heart such as mitral valve stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation.
This valve replacement surgery may be performed using conventional open-heart surgery method or the more modern minimally invasive surgical methods. This choice depends on several factors such as your age, overall health, activity level, prevalent medical conditions (if any) and your doctor's discretion.
How is a Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery Performed?
A mitral valve replacement surgery is a the major type of cardiac surgery and requires extensive planning and strategy to make it successful and satisfactory.
Conventional open-heart surgery requires the surgeon to make a large incision along the middle of the rib cage. The surrounding organs are shifted to the site in order to gain clear access to the heart valve. The surgeon will be required to connect you to a heart-lung (cardio-pulmonary machine) for the duration of the surgery in order to keep the rest of the body to function normally. The heart muscles are numbed and the heart stopped in order to remove the damaged mitral valve and replace it with a substitute artificial implant valve. The surgeon will then shift the surrounding organs carefully back into their original position. The cut rib cage is then held together using surgical clamps and the surgeon then closes the incision with the help of strong sutures.
The minimally invasive surgical method requires less number of incision as well as smaller (keyhole) incisions. This provides less pain from surgery, faster recovery and a resultants shorter hospital stay as compared to the conventional surgery method.
The surgeon may use conventional open-heart method or the minimally invasive surgical method however the main aim of the surgery is to replace the damaged mitral valve in the heart.
Why is a Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery required?
Valve replacement surgery is the most ideal treatment method for people suffering from severe valve regurgitation or valve stenosis problems in case valve repair surgery is unsuccessful in treating them.
Although an artificial mitral valve might not work as good as a natural valve it can work sufficiently to relieve you of the painful symptoms and to improve your quality of life. This surgery is considered when the damage to the valve is till irreparable extent and no other option is deemed plausible.
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